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combined oral contraceptive pill
Combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP), often referred to as the birth control pill or colloquially as "the pill", is a birth control method that includes a combination of an estrogen (estradiol) and a progestogen (progestin). When taken by mouth every day, these pills inhibit female fertility. They were first approved for contraceptive use in the United States in 1960, and are a very popular form of birth control. They are currently used by more than 100 million women worldwide and by almost 12 million women in the United States.〔 all US women aged 15–44〕 Use varies widely by country,〔 women aged 15–49 married or in consensual union〕 age, education, and marital status. One third of women aged 16–49 in the United Kingdom currently use either the combined pill or a progestogen-only "minipill",〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=Dr. David Delvin )〕〔 British women aged 16–49: 24% currently use the Pill (17% use Combined pill, 5% use Minipill, 2% don't know type)〕
compared with only 1% of women in Japan.
The pill was a catalyst for the sexual revolution. World historians credit the pill as the most important contraceptive to transfer power about reproductive rights from men to women.
==Medical use==
Combined oral contraceptive pills should be taken at the same time each day. If one or more tablets are forgotten for more than 12 hours, contraceptive protection will be reduced. Most brands of combined pills are packaged in one of two different packet sizes, with days marked off for a 28-day cycle. For the 21-pill packet, a pill is consumed daily for three weeks, followed by a week of no pills. For the 28-pill packet, 21 pills are taken, followed by a week of placebo or sugar pills. A woman on the pill will have a withdrawal bleed sometime during the placebo week, and is still protected from pregnancy during this week. There are also two newer combination birth control pills (Yaz 28 and Loestrin 24 Fe) that have 24 days of active hormone pills, followed by 4 days of placebo.〔Stacey, Dawn. (''Birth Control Pills'' ). Retrieved July 20, 2009.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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